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Brain, Vol. 110, No. 6, 1631-1646, 1987
© 1987 Guarantors of Brain

research-article

RETROSPLENIAL AMNESIA

EDWARD VALENSTEIN, DAWN BOWERS, MIEKE VERFAELLIE, KENNETH M. HEILMAN, ARTHUR DAY and ROBERT T. WATSON

Department of Neurology and the Center for Neuropsychological Studies, University of Florida College of Medicine USA

Correspondence to: Dr Edward Valenstein, Department of Neurology, J. Hillis Miller Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainsville, FLA 32610, USA.

A 39-year-old man developed retrograde and anterograde amnesia following haemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation situated near the splenium of the corpus callosum. MRI studies demonstrated damage to the splenium, and to a region containing the retrosplenial cortex and the cingulate bundle. The fornix was anterior and inferior to the site of maximal damage, but may have been involved; the stria terminalis was probably spared. Structures known to be important in memory but spared by the lesion included the hippocampus, thalamus, and basal forebrain. The retrosplenial cortex receives input from the subiculum and projects to the anterior thalamus, thus providing an alternative route between hippocampus and thalamus. Perhaps more importantly, medial temporal structures involved in memory receive anterior thalamic input directly via the cingulate bundle and indirectly through a relay in the retrosplenial cortex. We suggest that this thalamocortical portion of Papez' circuit may be important in memory, and that lesions of the cingulum and retrosplenial cortex may cause amnesia by disrupting this pathway.

Received October 9, 1986. Revised March 17, 1987. Accepted April 13, 1987.


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