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Brain, Vol. 112, No. 3, 583-594, 1989
© 1989 Guarantors of Brain

research-article

DIRECT DYSLEXIA

PRESERVED ORAL READING OF REAL WORDS IN WERNICKE'S APHASIA

W. W. LYTTON and J. C. M. BRUST

Department of Neurology, Harlem Hospital Center New York, USA Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, USA

Correspondence to: Correspondence to: Dr John C M Brust, Department of Neurology, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Avenue, New York, NY 10037, USA

SUMMARY

A 70-yr-old man was able to read aloud, without comprehending what he read, following a stroke that caused Wernicke's aphasia with severely impaired comprehension of speech. Tested on admission, and at 3 and 9 months, he could read aloud both orthographically simple and orthographically complex real words, and showed neither semantic errors, preference for nouns, nor difficulty with function words He could not, however, read aloud orthographically simple nonwords His disorder thus appears to be the first pure example of ‘direct dyslexia’, which, in contrast to previously well-documented examples of ‘deep’ and ‘surface’ dyslexia, implies the existence in reading of a direct route, independent of phonology or semantics, between visual and oral word representations.

Received January 7, 1988. Revised May 23, 1988. Accepted July 8, 1988.


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