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Brain, Vol. 113, No. 2, 365-378, 1990
© 1990 Oxford University Press

research-article

DURATION AND SELECTIVITY OF BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER BREAKDOWN IN CHRONIC RELAPSING EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS STUDIED BY GADOLINIUM-DTPA AND PROTEIN MARKERS

C. P. HAWKINS, P. M. G. MUNRO, F. MACKENZIE, J. KESSELRING, P. S. TOFTS, E. P. G. H. DU BOULAY, D. N. LANDON and W. I. McDONALD

Multiple Sclerosis NMR Research Group, Institute of Neurology, The National Hosptial Queen Square, London, UK

Correspondence to: Correspondence to: Professor W. I. McDonald, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WCIN 3BG, UK.

Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhancement seen with magnetic resonance imaging in chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE) corresponded with sites of blood-brain barrier breakdown judged by traditional markers in areas of inflammatory demyelination. Duration of Gd-DTPA leakage for individual lesions in CREAE varied from 5 days to more than 5 wks. By contrast, in acute EAE leakage was of shorter duration (always less than 5 days). Selective enhancement was observed in CREAE lesions using Gd-protein markers. Gd-albumin enhancement was not always seen in areas of leakage of the smaller molecular weight compound Gd-DTPA. The addition of immunoglobulin to the gadolinium complex led to enhancement of lesions not seen with Gd-albumin alone. From the similarities between the histology and the patterns of Gd-enhancement in CREAE and multiple sclerosis, it is probable that Gd-enhancement reflects active inflammation (with or without demyelination) in the human disease.

Received February 28, 1989. Revised June 2, 1989. Accepted July 3, 1989.


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