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Brain, Vol. 117, No. 6, 1333-1350, 1994
© 1994 Guarantors of Brain

research-article

Myelination in vitro of rodent dorsal root ganglia by glial progenitor cells

John Zajicek1, and Alastair Compston1,2

1University of Cambridge Neurology Unit, Addenbrooke 's Hospital Cambridge, UK 2Medical Research Council, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University Forvie Site Cambridge, UK

Correspondence to: Correspondence to: Dr John Zajicek, University of Cambridge Neurology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK

Oligodendrocytes synthesize myelin in the mammalian central nervous system; they develop from glial progenitors which, at least in vitro, are bipotential and also differentiate into astrocytes. Maturation of these O-2A progenitors is known to be influenced by growth factors and by extracellular matrix molecules. We investigated the effect of neurons on glial development by co-culturing highly purified rodent embryonic dorsal root ganglia with neonatal O-2A progenitors. Neurons produce signals, including platelet-derived growth factor BB and basic fibroblast growth factor, which stimulate progenitor cells to synthesize DNA; axonal contact is associated with down-regulation in the expression of complex ganglioside surface molecules on O-2A progenitors; with maturation, many of these cells develop into oligodendrocytes allowing the normal process of myelination to take place, but neurons also promote the differentiation of type 2 astrocytes. This orchestration of proliferation and differentiation in O-2A progenitor cells favours the development of glial–neuronal interactions needed for saltatory conduction of the nerve impulse.

myelination; oligodendrocytes; progenitors; astrocytes; neurons

Received September 15, 1993. Revised June 16, 1994. Accepted July 8, 1994.


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