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Brain, Vol. 118, No. 1, 227-242, 1995
© 1995 Oxford University Press

research-article

Joint coordination deficits in limb apraxia

Howard Poizner1,, MaryAnn Clark2, Alma S. Merians3, Beth Macauley4, Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi4 and Kenneth M. Heilman4

1Rutgers University Gainesville, USA 2Seton Hall University Gainesville, USA 3University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Gainesville, USA 4University of Florida and VA Medical Center Gainesville, USA

Correspondence to: Dr Howard Poizner, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 197 University Ave, Newark, NJ 07102, USA

Competing models of the basis of limb apraxia were tested through analysis of joint coordination deficits in three apraxic subjects with lesions that included the left parietal lobe. Three-dimensional shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand trajectories were recorded for repetitive ‘slicing’ gestures made in a series of conditions in which contextual cues were introduced in a graded fashion. The apraxic subjects showed marked deficits in joint coordination across context conditions. Even when actually manipulating a tool and object, the apraxic subjects failed to show proper joint synchronization, failed to apportion their relative joint amplitudes properly, and failed to produce the correct phase relationships among pairs of arm angles. Thus, apraxic subjects not only have deficits in the spatial plan for the movement, but they also have deficits in translating those plans into the details of the angular motions at the joints, even when actually manipulating a tool and object. These data support a model of apraxia in which apraxia can result from either the destruction of visuo-kinaesthetic motor representations of learned movement, stored in posterior association cortex, or from a separation of these representations from premotor or motor areas.

apraxia; motion analysis; joint kinematics

Received July 29, 1994. Accepted September 29, 1994.


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