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Brain, Vol. 118, No. 5, 1129-1148, 1995
© 1995 Guarantors of Brain

research-article

Double dissociation of memory capacities after bilateral occipital-lobe or medial temporal-lobe lesions

Margaret M. Keane1,2, John D. E. Gabrieli4, Heather C. Mapstone1, Keith A. Johnson3 and Suzanne Corkin1

1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and the Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 2Memory Disorders Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts 3Departments of Medicine and Radiology (Neurology Division), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts 4Department of Psychology, Stanford University Stanford, California, USA

Correspondence to: Margaret M. Keane, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02181, USA

Memory for recently encountered information can be reflected in conscious recall and recognition of that material, or in facilitated reprocessing of that material, an effect known as repetition priming. Repetition priming may be perceptual (form-based) or conceptual (meaning-based). A patient with bilateral occipital-lobe lesions (L.H.) and a patient with bilateral medial-temporal lobe lesions (H.M.). L.H. showed a double dissociation between visuopercep-tual priming (impaired in L.H. and intact in H.M.) and visual recognition memory (intact in L.H. and impaired in H.M.). L.H. showed intact conceptual priming for visually presented words; his pattern of impaired visuoperceptual priming and intact conceptual priming is the reverse dissociation to that observed in prior studies of patients with Alzheimer's disease, in whom occipital cortices are relatively spared. These double dissociations suggest that a memory system localized to the occipital lobe mediates visuoperceptual priming effects, and that this system is independent of neural circuits mediating conceptual priming effects, and independent of the limbic-diencephalic system supporting conscious recognition of recently encountered information.

memory systems; priming; amnesia

Received April 6, 1995. Accepted June 9, 1995.


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