Brain, Vol. 119, No. 1, 129-142, 1996
© 1996 Oxford University Press
research-article |
The fractionation of remote memory
Evidence from a longitudinal study of dementia of Alzheimer type
University of Cambridge Neurology unit Cambridge, UK
Correspondence to:
John R. Hodges, University of Cambridge Neurology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
We studied remote memory, both autobiographical and public, longitudinally over a 1-year period in 24 patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) and 30 matched controls. Although both public and autobiographical memory were impaired in DAT, public memory deteriorated longitudinally, while autobiographical memory did not. These data support the hypothesis that remote memory may be fractionated and that one important dichotomy is autobiographical memory versus famous person knowledge. A cognitive analysis of famous face and name processing showed evidence of progressive breakdown in the identification of famous faces and names, with preservation of face and name recognition, and face naming. The declining performance on identification appeared to be due primarily to loss of semantic knowledge regarding famous persons, while a retrieval deficit contributed more significantly to the proper name anomia which was over and above the semantic deficit in DAT.
Alzheimer's disease; remote memory; semantic memory; autobiographical memory
Received July 3, 1995. Revised September 27, 1995. Accepted October 6, 1995.
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