Brain, Vol 120, Issue 10 1723-1737, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
PM Andersen, P Nilsson, ML Keranen, L Forsgren, J Hagglund, M Karlsborg, LO Ronnevi, O Gredal and SL Marklund
Four-hundred and fifty-one blood samples from Scandinavian patients with
motor neuron disease were analysed for mutations in the CuZn- superoxide
dismutase gene. Forty-one (9.6%) of the 427 patients with the amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis (ALS) form of the disease were found to have a
disease-associated mutation, and 14 of these patients were apparently
sporadic cases. A mutation was found in 12 of the 51 families with
recognized familial ALS. The five different mutations found (Ala4Val,
Val14Gly, Asp76Tyr, Asp90Ala, Gly127insTGGG) have different genetic
characteristics and are associated with very variable phenotypes spanning
from rapidly progressing disease with only lower motor neuron signs to very
slowly progressing disease with both the upper and lower motor neuron
systems affected. The patients showed different sites of onset, though the
progressive bulbar palsy form of the disease appears to be rare among
patients with a CuZn-superoxide dismutase mutation. The progression of
motor signs and symptoms followed the same basic pattern in patients with
different mutations. Extra-motor system symptoms were frequent among
patients with a CuZn- superoxide dismutase mutation. The results suggest
that patients with mutations in the CuZn-superoxide dismutase gene
constitute one disease entity. The Val14Gly and Asp76Tyr mutations have not
been reported before, and the latter is the first mutation to be found in
exon 3 of the CuZn-superoxide dismutase gene.
REVIEWS
Phenotypic heterogeneity in motor neuron disease patients with CuZn- superoxide dismutase mutations in Scandinavia
Department of Neurology, Umea University Hospital, Sweden.
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