Brain, Vol 120, Issue 10 1845-1856, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
M Jones-Gotman, RJ Zatorre, F Cendes, A Olivier, F Andermann, D McMackin, H Staunton, AM Siegel and HG Wieser
To investigate possible distinct contributions of different temporal- lobe
structures to odour identification, the University of Pennsylvania Smell
Identification Test was administered monorhinally to seizure-free patients
who had undergone one of three types of temporal-lobe resection practised
in three different institutions for surgical treatment of epilepsy. The
resections were neocorticectomy (Dublin), selective amygdalohippocampectomy
(Zurich), or anterior temporal-lobe resection with encroachment on amygdala
and hippocampus (Montreal). Resections, analysed from MRI scans, showed
unexpected encroachment on medial structures in most patients of the
neocorticectomy groups, and largest amygdala and hippocampal resections in
the amygdalohippocampectomy groups. Impaired odour identification was
observed in all patient groups, irrespective of surgical approach, with
greatest impairment in the nostril ipsilateral to the resection. The
finding of deficits in all three surgical groups suggests that damage in
the anterior temporal area, perhaps in piriform cortex, is sufficient to
disrupt performance on this task; it may be that function is disrupted in
the medial temporal-lobe region by disconnection when the periamygdaloid
area is damaged, even when amygdala and hippocampus are left intact. An
alternative explanation for our results is that damage in any one of these
areas disrupts a complex network involving several distinct temporal-lobe
structures.
ARTICLES
Contribution of medial versus lateral temporal-lobe structures to human odour identification
McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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