Brain, Vol 120, Issue 11 2013-2028, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
GR Fink, RJ Dolan, PW Halligan, JC Marshall and CD Frith
Visual attention can be primarily allocated to either where an object is in
space (with little emphasis on the structure of the object itself) or to
the structure of the object (with little emphasis on where in space the
object is located). Using PET measures of regional cerebral blood flow
(rCBF) to index neural activity, we investigated the shared and specific
functional anatomy underlying both of these types of visual attention in a
controlled non-cueing non-blocked paradigm that involved identical stimuli
across the conditions of interest. The interaction of eye movements with
these attentional systems was studied by introducing fixation or free
vision as an additional factor. Relative to the control condition,
object-based and space-based attention showed significant activations of
the left and right medial superior parietal cortex and the left lateral
inferior parietal cortex, the left prefrontal cortex and the cerebellar
vermis. Significant differential activations were observed during
object-based attention in the left striate and prestriate cortex.
Space-based attention activated the right prefrontal cortex and the right
inferior temporal-occipital cortex. Differential neural activity due to
free vision or fixation was observed in occipital areas only. Significant
interactions of free vision/fixation on activations due to object-based and
space-based attention were observed in the right medial superior parietal
cortex and left lateral inferior parietal cortex, respectively. The study
provides direct evidence for the importance of the parietal cortex in the
control of object-based and space-based visual attention. The results show
that object-based and space-based attention share common neural mechanisms
in the parietal lobes, in addition to task specific mechanisms in early
visual processing areas of temporal and occipital cortices.
ARTICLES
Space-based and object-based visual attention: shared and specific neural domains
Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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