Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (122)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Bartley, A. J.
Right arrow Articles by Weinberger, D. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Bartley, A. J.
Right arrow Articles by Weinberger, D. R.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Brain, Vol 120, Issue 2 257-269, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press

ARTICLES

Genetic variability of human brain size and cortical gyral patterns

AJ Bartley, DW Jones and DR Weinberger
Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, NIMH, NIH, NIMH Neuroscience Center at St Elizabeth's, Washington, DC 20032, USA.

The development of the primate brain is determined by an interaction of genetic programmes and environmental events. We examined quantitatively the contribution of each of these factors to adult human brain hemisphere volume and global cortical gyral patterns by comparing 3-D MRI renderings of brains of 10 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) and nine pairs of same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twins. Brain volume was highly correlated in MZ pairs [unbiased intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC(U) = 0.95, P < 0.00001], but not in DZ pairs [ICC(U) = 0.35, P = 0.09]. Structural equation modelling indicated a 94% heritability of brain volume. Gyral patterns appeared visually more similar in MZ than in DZ pairs. This was confirmed statistically by a cross-correlation analysis of rendered images of lateral and mesial cortical surfaces. MZ twins exhibited significantly greater similarity than did DZ twins in comparisons of gyral patterns; DZ twins were not more alike than unrelated pairings. Ipsilateral hemispheres were significantly more alike than contralateral hemispheres within MZ pairs, but not within DZ pairs. Contralateral hemispheres within an individual were more alike than contralateral hemispheres between twins in the DZ pairs, but not in the MZ pairs. Heritability for gyral-sulcal patterns, as reflected in the cross-correlation data, was low and ill defined. These results indicate that human cerebral size is determined almost entirely by genetic factors and that overall cortical gyral patterns, though significantly affected by genes, are determined primarily by nongenetic factors.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
K. Anderson, B. Bones, B. Robinson, C. Hass, H. Lee, K. Ford, T.-A. Roberts, and B. Jacobs
The Morphology of Supragranular Pyramidal Neurons in the Human Insular Cortex: A Quantitative Golgi Study
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2009; 19(9): 2131 - 2144.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
J. W. Koten Jr., G. Wood, P. Hagoort, R. Goebel, P. Propping, K. Willmes, and D. I. Boomsma
Genetic Contribution to Variation in Cognitive Function: An fMRI Study in Twins
Science, March 27, 2009; 323(5922): 1737 - 1740.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
S. C. Fears, W. P. Melega, S. K. Service, C. Lee, K. Chen, Z. Tu, M. J. Jorgensen, L. A. Fairbanks, R. M. Cantor, N. B. Freimer, et al.
Identifying Heritable Brain Phenotypes in an Extended Pedigree of Vervet Monkeys
J. Neurosci., March 4, 2009; 29(9): 2867 - 2875.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
C. E. Bearden, T. G.M. van Erp, R. A. Dutton, A. D. Lee, T. J. Simon, T. D. Cannon, B. S. Emanuel, D. McDonald-McGinn, E. H. Zackai, and P. M. Thompson
Alterations in Midline Cortical Thickness and Gyrification Patterns Mapped in Children with 22q11.2 Deletions
Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2009; 19(1): 115 - 126.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
P. Besson, F. Andermann, F. Dubeau, and A. Bernasconi
Small focal cortical dysplasia lesions are located at the bottom of a deep sulcus
Brain, December 1, 2008; 131(12): 3246 - 3255.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Schizophr BullHome page
K. M. Prasad and M. S. Keshavan
Structural Cerebral Variations as Useful Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia: Do They Help Construct "Extended Endophenotypes"?
Schizophr Bull, July 1, 2008; 34(4): 774 - 790.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
J Dubois, M Benders, A Cachia, F Lazeyras, R Ha-Vinh Leuchter, S. V. Sizonenko, C Borradori-Tolsa, J. F. Mangin, and P. S. Huppi
Mapping the Early Cortical Folding Process in the Preterm Newborn Brain
Cereb Cortex, June 1, 2008; 18(6): 1444 - 1454.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
H. Kim, N. Bernasconi, B. Bernhardt, O. Colliot, and A. Bernasconi
Basal temporal sulcal morphology in healthy controls and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Neurology, May 27, 2008; 70(22_Part_2): 2159 - 2165.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. A. Helland and K. Wester
MONOZYGOTIC TWINS WITH MIRROR IMAGE CYSTS: INDICATION OF A GENETIC MECHANISM IN ARACHNOID CYSTS?
Neurology, July 3, 2007; 69(1): 110 - 111.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. Dediu and D. R. Ladd
From the Cover: Linguistic tone is related to the population frequency of the adaptive haplogroups of two brain size genes, ASPM and Microcephalin
PNAS, June 26, 2007; 104(26): 10944 - 10949.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
U. Ettinger, M. Picchioni, S. Landau, K. Matsumoto, N. E. van Haren, N. Marshall, M.-H. Hall, K. Schulze, T. Toulopoulou, N. Davies, et al.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thalamus and Adhesio Interthalamica in Twins With Schizophrenia
Arch Gen Psychiatry, April 1, 2007; 64(4): 401 - 409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
M. Nakamura, P. G. Nestor, R. W. McCarley, J. J. Levitt, L. Hsu, T. Kawashima, M. Niznikiewicz, and M. E. Shenton
Altered orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern in schizophrenia
Brain, March 1, 2007; 130(3): 693 - 707.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Mechelli, K. J. Friston, R. S. Frackowiak, and C. J. Price
Structural Covariance in the Human Cortex
J. Neurosci., September 7, 2005; 25(36): 8303 - 8310.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Schizophr BullHome page
C. Pantelis, M. Yucel, S. J Wood, D. Velakoulis, D. Sun, G. Berger, G. W Stuart, A. Yung, L. Phillips, and P. D McGorry
Structural Brain Imaging Evidence for Multiple Pathological Processes at Different Stages of Brain Development in Schizophrenia
Schizophr Bull, July 1, 2005; 31(3): 672 - 696.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
P. M. Thompson, A. D. Lee, R. A. Dutton, J. A. Geaga, K. M. Hayashi, M. A. Eckert, U. Bellugi, A. M. Galaburda, J. R. Korenberg, D. L. Mills, et al.
Abnormal Cortical Complexity and Thickness Profiles Mapped in Williams Syndrome
J. Neurosci., April 20, 2005; 25(16): 4146 - 4158.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Styner, J. A. Lieberman, R. K. McClure, D. R. Weinberger, D. W. Jones, and G. Gerig
Morphometric analysis of lateral ventricles in schizophrenia and healthy controls regarding genetic and disease-specific factors
PNAS, March 29, 2005; 102(13): 4872 - 4877.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
T. Frodl, E. M. Meisenzahl, P. Zill, T. Baghai, D. Rujescu, G. Leinsinger, R. Bottlender, C. Schule, P. Zwanzger, R. R. Engel, et al.
Reduced Hippocampal Volumes Associated With the Long Variant of the Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism in Major Depression
Arch Gen Psychiatry, February 1, 2004; 61(2): 177 - 183.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
T Jarvenpaa, M P Laakso, R Rossi, M Koskenvuo, J Kaprio, I Raiha, T Kurki, M Laine, G B Frisoni, and J O Rinne
Hippocampal MRI volumetry in cognitively discordant monozygotic twin pairs
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, January 1, 2004; 75(1): 116 - 120.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. PsychiatryHome page
M. YUCEL, S. J. WOOD, L. J. PHILLIPS, G. W. STUART, D. J. SMITH, A. YUNG, D. VELAKOULIS, P. D. McGORRY, and C. PANTELIS
Morphology of the anterior cingulate cortex in young men at ultra-high risk of developing a psychotic illness
The British Journal of Psychiatry, June 1, 2003; 182(6): 518 - 524.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. Kaschube, F. Wolf, T. Geisel, and S. Lowel
Genetic Influence on Quantitative Features of Neocortical Architecture
J. Neurosci., August 15, 2002; 22(16): 7206 - 7217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
M. A. Eckert, C. M. Leonard, E. A. Molloy, J. Blumenthal, A. Zijdenbos, and J. N. Giedd
The Epigenesis of Planum Temporale Asymmetry in Twins
Cereb Cortex, July 1, 2002; 12(7): 749 - 755.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
T. White, N. C. Andreasen, and P. Nopoulos
Brain Volumes and Surface Morphology in Monozygotic Twins
Cereb Cortex, May 1, 2002; 12(5): 486 - 493.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. H. Geschwind, B. L. Miller, C. DeCarli, and D. Carmelli
Heritability of lobar brain volumes in twins supports genetic models of cerebral laterality and handedness
PNAS, February 20, 2002; (2002) 52494999.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
T. D. Cannon, P. M. Thompson, T. G. M. van Erp, A. W. Toga, V.-P. Poutanen, M. Huttunen, J. Lonnqvist, C.-G. Standerskjold-Nordenstam, K. L. Narr, M. Khaledy, et al.
Cortex mapping reveals regionally specific patterns of genetic and disease-specific gray-matter deficits in twins discordant for schizophrenia
PNAS, February 20, 2002; (2002) 52023499.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
H. E. Hulshoff Pol, D. Posthuma, W. F. C. Baare, E. J. C. De Geus, H. G. Schnack, N. E. M. van Haren, C. J. van Oel, R. S. Kahn, and D. I. Boomsma
Twin-singleton differences in brain structure using structural equation modelling
Brain, February 1, 2002; 125(2): 384 - 390.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
D. M. Lyons, C. Yang, A. M. Sawyer-Glover, M. E. Moseley, and A. F. Schatzberg
Early Life Stress and Inherited Variation in Monkey Hippocampal Volumes
Arch Gen Psychiatry, December 1, 2001; 58(12): 1145 - 1151.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc.Home page
J. Mazziotta, A. Toga, A. Evans, P. Fox, J. Lancaster, K. Zilles, R. Woods, T. Paus, G. Simpson, B. Pike, et al.
A Four-Dimensional Probabilistic Atlas of the Human Brain
J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., September 1, 2001; 8(5): 401 - 430.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
W. F.C. Baare, H. E. Hulshoff Pol, D. I. Boomsma, D. Posthuma, E. J.C. de Geus, H. G. Schnack, N. E.M. van Haren, C. J. van Oel, and R. S. Kahn
Quantitative Genetic Modeling of Variation in Human Brain Morphology
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2001; 11(9): 816 - 824.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
D. H. Lewis, H. S. Mayberg, M. E. Fischer, J. Goldberg, S. Ashton, M. M. Graham, and D. Buchwald
Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Regional Cerebral Blood Flow SPECT
Radiology, June 1, 2001; 219(3): 766 - 773.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
R. Pineiro, S. T. Pendlebury, S. Smith, D. Flitney, A. M. Blamire, P. Styles, and P. M. Matthews
Relating MRI Changes to Motor Deficit After Ischemic Stroke by Segmentation of Functional Motor Pathways
Stroke, March 1, 2000; 31(3): 672 - 679.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
G. Lohmann, D. Y. von Cramon, and H. Steinmetz
Sulcal Variability of Twins
Cereb Cortex, October 1, 1999; 9(7): 754 - 763.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
P. J. Harrison
The neuropathology of schizophrenia: A critical review of the data and their interpretation
Brain, April 1, 1999; 122(4): 593 - 624.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
G. D. Jackson, A. M. McIntosh, R. S. Briellmann, and S. F. Berkovic
Hippocampal sclerosis studied in identical twins
Neurology, July 1, 1998; 51(1): 78 - 84.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
D. Carmelli, C. DeCarli, G. E. Swan, L. M. Jack, T. Reed, P. A. Wolf, and B. L. Miller
Evidence For Genetic Variance in White Matter Hyperintensity Volume in Normal Elderly Male Twins
Stroke, June 1, 1998; 29(6): 1177 - 1181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
T. D. Cannon, P. M. Thompson, T. G. M. van Erp, A. W. Toga, V.-P. Poutanen, M. Huttunen, J. Lonnqvist, C.-G. Standerskjold-Nordenstam, K. L. Narr, M. Khaledy, et al.
Cortex mapping reveals regionally specific patterns of genetic and disease-specific gray-matter deficits in twins discordant for schizophrenia
PNAS, March 5, 2002; 99(5): 3228 - 3233.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. H. Geschwind, B. L. Miller, C. DeCarli, and D. Carmelli
Heritability of lobar brain volumes in twins supports genetic models of cerebral laterality and handedness
PNAS, March 5, 2002; 99(5): 3176 - 3181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.