Brain, Vol 120, Issue 6 1027-1040, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
T Edwards-Lee, BL Miller, DF Benson, JL Cummings, GL Russell, K Boone and I Mena
Frontotemporal dementia is a dementia syndrome with diverse clinical
characteristics. Based upon clinical parameters and single photon emission
computed tomography, we identified 47 frontotemporal dementia subjects. In
10 of these 47 the primary site of brain dysfunction was anterior temporal
and orbital-frontal with other frontal regions relatively spared. In this
temporal lobe variant (TLV) of frontotemporal dementia, five of the
subjects had more severe left- sided, and five had more right-sided,
hypoperfusion. The clinical, neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric
features of predominantly left- sided (LTLV) and right-sided (RTLV) TLV
subjects are discussed and contrasted with more frontal presentations of
frontotemporal dementia. In LTLV, aphasia was usually the first and most
severe clinical abnormality RTLV patients presented with behavioural
disorders characterized by irritability, impulsiveness, bizarre alterations
in dress, limited and fixed ideas, decreased facial expression and
increased visual alertness. These findings suggest that: (i) frontotemporal
dementia is clinically heterogeneous with bitemporal and inferior frontal
lobe dysfunction contributing to the clinical presentation; (ii)
behavioural disturbance and aphasia are the most prominent features of
predominantly temporal subtypes of frontotemporal dementia; (iii) the right
and left anterior temporal regions may mediate different behavioural
functions. The results of this study suggests that TLV offers a valuable
source of information concerning the behavioural disorders seen with
combined anterior temporal and inferior frontal lobe dysfunction.
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The temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia
Department of Neurology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance 90509, USA.
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