Brain, Vol 121, Issue 1 167-177, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
P Praamstra, DF Stegeman, AR Cools and MW Horstink
The aim of this study was to investigate the neurophysiological mechanisms
underlying Parkinson's disease patients' increased reliance on external
cues for the initiation of movement. Lateralized movement- related cortical
potentials were recorded in a noise-compatibility task with seven patients
and seven age-matched control subjects. In this two- choice task, visual
stimuli containing incompatible target and distractor elements, which
simultaneously instructed for responses from both hands, initially caused
activation of the motor cortex controlling the wrong response hand. The
incorrect response activation was of higher amplitude in patients than in
control subjects, causing a longer response delay relative to response
times when target and distractors instructed the same hand. In addition,
hand-specific motor cortex activation started earlier in patients than in
control subjects. These results indicate that visual stimuli exerted an
earlier and stronger influence on movement initiation in patients than in
control subjects. We hypothesize that information from sensory stimuli
relevant for the generation of a response can have rapid access to motor
structures in Parkinson's disease patients, thereby facilitating the
initiation of movement. The findings may reflect a compensatory mechanism,
but could also be related to excitability changes in the motor cortex
intrinsic to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
ARTICLES
Reliance on external cues for movement initiation in Parkinson's disease. Evidence from movement-related potentials
Department of Neurology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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