Brain Advance Access originally published online on August 22, 2003
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brain, Vol. 126, No. 12, 2710-2725,
December 2003
© 2003 Guarantors of Brain
doi: 10.1093/brain/awg282
Patients with focal arm dystonia have increased sensitivity to slow-frequency repetitive TMS of the dorsal premotor cortex
a R. Filipovic1,51 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, 2 Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience and 3 Division of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK, 4 Department of Neurology, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK, 5 Burden Neurological Institute, Bristol, UK and 6 Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
Correspondence to: Hartwig Roman Siebner, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Niemannsweg 147, D-24105 Kiel, Germany E-mail: h.siebner{at}neurologie.uni-kiel.de
We used PET to examine the pattern and time course of changes produced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in healthy subjects and in patients with primary focal dystonia. Subjects received 1800 stimuli of subthreshold 1 Hz rTMS or sham stimulation to the left PMd. Afterwards, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as a marker of synaptic activity at rest and during performance of freely selected random finger movement. In both groups of subjects, real rTMS caused widespread bilateral decreases in neuronal activity in prefrontal, premotor, primary motor cortex, and left putamen. Conversely, rCBF in the cerebellum increased. Effects were equivalent at rest and during movement, indicating that the pattern of movement-related activation did not change. rTMS-induced changes in neuronal activity lasted for at least 1 h except in the medial aspect of the left globus pallidus. Conditioning effects on neuronal activity were larger in the patients than in the healthy subjects: there was a greater decrease of rCBF in lateral and medial premotor areas, putamen, and thalamus, including the stimulated premotor cortex, and a larger increase in cerebellar rCBF. Our findings indicate that, in healthy subjects and patients with dystonia, a single session of rTMS can produce powerful and widespread changes in regional synaptic activity as indexed by rCBF. Since the greater effects of premotor rTMS were not related to any differences in task performance, increased responsiveness of the motor system to rTMS reveals a physiological trait that characterizes patients with focal arm dystonia.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Bestmann, O. Swayne, F. Blankenburg, C. C. Ruff, P. Haggard, N. Weiskopf, O. Josephs, J. Driver, J. C. Rothwell, and N. S. Ward Dorsal Premotor Cortex Exerts State-Dependent Causal Influences on Activity in Contralateral Primary Motor and Dorsal Premotor Cortex Cereb Cortex, June 1, 2008; 18(6): 1281 - 1291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A May, G Hajak, S Ganssbauer, T Steffens, B Langguth, T Kleinjung, and P Eichhammer Structural Brain Alterations following 5 Days of Intervention: Dynamic Aspects of Neuroplasticity Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2007; 17(1): 205 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Peller, K. E. Zeuner, A. Munchau, A. Quartarone, M. Weiss, A. Knutzen, M. Hallett, G. Deuschl, and H. R. Siebner The basal ganglia are hyperactive during the discrimination of tactile stimuli in writer's cramp Brain, October 1, 2006; 129(10): 2697 - 2708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Weise, A. Schramm, K. Stefan, A. Wolters, K. Reiners, M. Naumann, and J. Classen The two sides of associative plasticity in writer's cramp Brain, October 1, 2006; 129(10): 2709 - 2721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Koch, M. Franca, M. Fernandez Del Olmo, B. Cheeran, R. Milton, M. Alvarez Sauco, and J. C. Rothwell Time course of functional connectivity between dorsal premotor and contralateral motor cortex during movement selection. J. Neurosci., July 12, 2006; 26(28): 7452 - 7459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Quartarone, A. Sant'Angelo, F. Battaglia, S. Bagnato, V. Rizzo, F. Morgante, J. C. Rothwell, H. R. Siebner, and P. Girlanda Enhanced Long-Term Potentiation-Like Plasticity of the Trigeminal Blink Reflex Circuit in Blepharospasm J. Neurosci., January 11, 2006; 26(2): 716 - 721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Quartarone, V. Rizzo, S. Bagnato, F. Morgante, A. Sant'Angelo, M. Romano, D. Crupi, P. Girlanda, J. C. Rothwell, and H. R. Siebner Homeostatic-like plasticity of the primary motor hand area is impaired in focal hand dystonia Brain, August 1, 2005; 128(8): 1943 - 1950. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Robertson, D. Z. Press, and A. Pascual-Leone Off-Line Learning and the Primary Motor Cortex J. Neurosci., July 6, 2005; 25(27): 6372 - 6378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Murase, J. C. Rothwell, R. Kaji, R. Urushihara, K. Nakamura, N. Murayama, T. Igasaki, M. Sakata-Igasaki, T. Mima, A. Ikeda, et al. Subthreshold low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the premotor cortex modulates writer's cramp Brain, January 1, 2005; 128(1): 104 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Matsunaga, A. Maruyama, T. Fujiwara, R. Nakanishi, S. Tsuji, and J. C. Rothwell Increased corticospinal excitability after 5 Hz rTMS over the human supplementary motor area J. Physiol., January 1, 2005; 562(1): 295 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|