Brain Advance Access originally published online on September 30, 2004
Brain 2004 127(11):2441-2451; doi:10.1093/brain/awh265
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Brain Vol. 127 No. 11 © Guarantors of Brain 2004; all rights reserved
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-only-immunoreactive neuronal changes: broadening the clinical picture to include progressive supranuclear palsy
1 The Sara Koe PSP Research Centre and 2 Dementia Research Centre (UCL), Institute of Neurology, 3 The Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Sciences, London, UK, 4 Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA, 5 National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and 6 Queen Square Brain Bank and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
Correspondence to: Dr J. L. Holton, Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Queen Square Brain Bank, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG UK E-mail: j.holton{at}ion.ucl.ac.uk
The frontotemporal lobar degenerations (FTLDs) are a group of disorders in which the clinical picture is not necessarily predictive of the underlying neuropathology. The FTLD with ubiquitin-only-immunoreactive neuronal changes (FTLD-U) subtype is pathologically characterized by ubiquitin-positive, tau and
-synuclein-negative neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the frontotemporal cortex and hippocampal dentate fascia. When similar pathological changes are accompanied by histological features of motor neuron disease (MND), the term FTLD-MND is used. The latter pathological changes may be found in patients with or without clinical evidence of MND. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical details of three patients with a rapidly progressive, levodopa-unresponsive bradykinetic-rigid syndrome and frontal cognitive impairment. A diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) had been considered in all three cases at initial presentation. Two of the cases fulfilled clinical diagnostic criteria for PSP, which was the final clinical diagnosis during life. Pathological analysis showed typical histological appearances of FTLD-MND in two cases and of FTLD-U in one case. Semi-quantitative analysis of pathological load seemed to correlate with the clinical phenotype. FTLD-U or FTLD-MND should be considered in the differential diagnosis of progressive frontal dementia with an akinetic rigid syndrome and supranuclear gaze palsy or SteeleRichardsonOlszewski disease.
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