Brain Advance Access originally published online on December 22, 2003
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Brain, Vol. 127, No. 3, 550-560, 2004
© 2004 Guarantors of Brain
doi: 10.1093/brain/awh067
The cognitive ability of an incident cohort of Parkinson’s patients in the UK. The CamPaIGN study
1 Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, 2 Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health and 3 Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
Correspondence to: T. Foltynie, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, UK E-mail: tf210{at}medschl.cam.ac.uk
We have used multiple sources to identify a population-representative cohort of newly diagnosed patients with parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease in the UK over a 2-year period. All patients have been invited to participate in a detailed clinical assessment either at home or in an outpatient clinic. These assessments have been used to refine clinical diagnoses of parkinsonism using established criteria, and describe some of the phenotypic variability of Parkinson’s disease at the time of diagnosis. The crude incidence of Parkinson’s disease was 13.6/105yr–1 [confidence interval (CI) 11.8–15.6 and of parkinsonism was 20.9/105yr–1 (CI 18.7–23.3). Age-standardized to the 1991 European population, the incidence figures become 10.8/105yr–1 (CI 9.4–12.4) for Parkinson’s disease and 16.6/105yr–1 (CI 14.8–18.6) for parkinsonism. Thirty-six per cent of the Parkinson’s disease patients had evidence of cognitive impairment based on their performance in the Mini-Mental State Examination, a pattern recognition task, and the Tower of London task. The pattern of cognitive deficits seen among these patients using these and further cognitive tasks suggests that sub-groups of patients based on cognitive ability might be identifiable even in the early stages of disease, which may reflect regional differences in the underlying neuropathological processes.
Key Words: incidence; Parkinson’s disease; parkinsonism; cognitive
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; DLB = dementia with Lewy bodies; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; NART = National Adult Reading test; PDBB = Parkinson’s disease Brain Bank; PRM = pattern recognition memory; SRM = spatial recognition memory; PDD = patients with Parkinson’s disease and dementia; TOL = Tower of London task; UPDRS = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale
Received August 1, 2003. Revised August 21, 2003. Accepted October 23, 2003.
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