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Brain Advance Access originally published online on July 1, 2004
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Brain, Vol. 127, No. 8, 1899-1908, August 2004
© 2004 Guarantors of Brain
doi: 10.1093/brain/awh213

Globus pallidus internus stimulation in primary generalized dystonia: a H215O PET study

Olivier Detante1,3, Laurent Vercueil1, Stéphane Thobois2,3, Emmanuel Broussolle2,3, Nicolas Costes3, Franck Lavenne3, Stéphan Chabardes1, Didier Lebars3, Marie Vidailhet4, Alim-Louis Benabid1 and Pierre Pollak1

1 Department of Biological and Clinical Neurosciences, Grenoble University Hospital and INSERM U318, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, 2 Department of Neurology, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital and INSERM U534, Lyon, 3 Cyclotron Unit (CERMEP), Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Lyon and 4 Department of Neurology, Saint Antoine Hospital and INSERM U289, Paris, France

Correspondence to: Dr Laurent Vercueil, Neurologie, CHU Grenoble, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France E-mail: Lvercueil{at}chu-grenoble.fr

Globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) increasingly shows promising efficacy in the treatment of severe primary generalized dystonia. Functional imaging studies have shown previously that dystonia could be related to abnormal cortical activation during voluntary movement. In the present study, the effects of GPi DBS on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during a motor task were studied in patients with primary generalized dystonia. rCBF was measured using H215O and PET in eight control subjects and six patients with dystonia treated with bilateral GPi DBS. Subjects were scanned at rest and while performing joystick movements. Dystonic patients were tested in two conditions: ‘OFF’ (stimulator bilaterally switched off) and ‘ON’ (unilateral stimulation). In the ‘OFF’ condition, compared with rest, motor activation of the most dystonic hand was associated with overactivity in the contralateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, gyrus frontalis medialis, superior frontal gyrus (area 10), frontoorbital cortex and thalamus. In the ‘ON’ condition, GPi DBS contralaterally to the most dystonic hand induced a decrease of the overactivation in the same areas, as well as the putamen. According to the present study, generalized dystonia is associated with prefrontal overactivation which can be reversed by effective GPi DBS.


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