Brain Advance Access originally published online on May 9, 2006
Brain 2006 129(7):1748-1757; doi:10.1093/brain/awl103
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Slow oscillatory activity and levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Area, Clinica Universitaria and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra Pamplona, Spain 1 Present addresses: Section of Neurology, Hospital de Fuenlabrada Madrid, Spain 2 Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara Guadalajara, Spain
Correspondence to: José A. Obeso, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Clinica Universitaria, Avenida de Pio XII 36, Pamplona 31008, Spain E-mail: jobeso{at}unav.es
The pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) in Parkinson's disease is not well understood. We have recorded local field potentials (LFP) from macroelectrodes implanted in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of 14 patients with Parkinson's disease following surgical treatment with deep brain stimulation. Patients were studied in the ‘Off’ medication state and in the ‘On’ motor state after administration of levodopa–carbidopa (po) or apomorphine (sc) that elicited dyskinesias in 11 patients. The logarithm of the power spectrum of the LFP in selected frequency bands (4–10, 11–30 and 60–80 Hz) was compared between the ‘Off’ and ‘On’ medication states. A peak in the 11–30 Hz band was recorded in the ‘Off’ medication state and reduced by 45.2% (P < 0.001) in the ‘On’ state. The ‘On’ was also associated with an increment of 77. 6% (P < 0.001) in the 4–10 Hz band in all patients who showed dyskinesias and of 17.8% (P < 0.001) in the 60–80 Hz band in the majority of patients. When dyskinesias were only present in one limb (n = 2), the 4–10 Hz peak was only recorded in the contralateral STN. These findings suggest that the 4–10 Hz oscillation is associated with the expression of LID in Parkinson's disease.
Key Words: dyskinesias; subthalamic nucleus; oscillatory activity; Parkinson's disease
Abbreviations: DA, dopamine; DBS, deep brain stimulation; DID, dyskinesia–improvement–dyskinesia; GPi, globus pallidus pars interna; FFT, fast Fourier transformation; LID, levodopa-induced dyskinesias; LFP, local field potentials; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; STN, subthalamic nucleus
Received October 12, 2005. Revised December 24, 2005. Accepted March 28, 2006.
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