Brain, Vol. 122, No. 10, 1963-1971,
October 1999
© 1999 Oxford University Press
Functional differentiation of medial temporal and frontal regions involved in processing novel and familiar words: an fMRI study
Brain Imaging Laboratory, 1 Departments of Psychiatry (Section of Neuropsychiatry), 2 Radiology, and 3 Neurology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon and 4 Section of Neuropsychiatry and the Neuropsychology Laboratory, New Hampshire Hospital, Concord, New Hampshire, USA
Correspondence to:
Andrew J. Saykin, Brain Imaging Laboratory, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
Results of recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of memory are not entirely consistent with lesion studies. Furthermore, although imaging probes have identified neural systems associated with processing novel visual episodic information, auditory verbal memory using a novel/familiar paradigm has not yet been examined. To address this gap, fMRI was used to compare the haemodynamic response when listening to recently learned and novel words. Sixteen healthy adults (6 male, 10 female) learned a 10-item word list to 100% criterion, ~1 h before functional scanning. During echo-planar imaging, subjects passively listened to a string of words presented at 6-s intervals. Previously learned words were interspersed pseudo-randomly between novel words. Mean scans corresponding to each word type were analysed with a random-effects model using statistical parametric mapping (SPM96). Familiar (learned) words activated the right prefrontal cortex, posterior left parahippocampal gyrus, left medial parietal cortex and right superior temporal gyrus. Novel words activated the anterior left hippocampal region. The results for the familiar words were similar to those found in other functional imaging studies of recognition and retrieval and implicate the right dorsolateral prefrontal and left posterior medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions. The results for novel words require replication, but are consistent with the substantial lesion and PET literature implicating the anterior MTL as a critical site for processing novel episodic information, presumably to permit encoding. Together, these results provide evidence for an anterior–posterior functional differentiation within the MTL in processing novel and familiar verbal information. The differentiation of MTL functions that was obtained is consistent with a large body of PET activation studies but is unique among fMRI studies, which to date have differed from results with PET. Further, the finding of left MTL lateralization is consistent with lesion-based material-specific models of memory.
fMRI; episodic memory; hippocampus
BOLD = blood oxygen level-dependent; fMRI = functional magnetic resonance imaging; HRF = haemodynamic response function; MTL = medial temporal lobe; SPM = statistical parametric mapping
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Rodriguez-Fornells, T. Cunillera, A. Mestres-Misse, and R. de Diego-Balaguer Neurophysiological mechanisms involved in language learning in adults Phil Trans R Soc B, December 27, 2009; 364(1536): 3711 - 3735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. C. Johnson, T. W. Schmitz, M. A. Trivedi, M. L. Ries, B. M. Torgerson, C. M. Carlsson, S. Asthana, B. P. Hermann, and M. A. Sager The influence of Alzheimer disease family history and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 on mesial temporal lobe activation. J. Neurosci., May 31, 2006; 26(22): 6069 - 6076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Lind, J. Persson, M. Ingvar, A. Larsson, M. Cruts, C. Van Broeckhoven, R. Adolfsson, L. Backman, L.-G. Nilsson, K. M. Petersson, et al. Reduced functional brain activity response in cognitively intact apolipoprotein E {varepsilon}4 carriers Brain, May 1, 2006; 129(5): 1240 - 1248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Hofer, E. M. Weiss, S. M. Golaszewski, C. M. Siedentopf, C. Brinkhoff, C. Kremser, S. Felber, and W. W. Fleischhacker Neural Correlates of Episodic Encoding and Recognition of Words in Unmedicated Patients During an Acute Episode of Schizophrenia: A Functional MRI Study Am J Psychiatry, October 1, 2003; 160(10): 1802 - 1808. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Hofer, E. M. Weiss, S. M. Golaszewski, C. M. Siedentopf, C. Brinkhoff, C. Kremser, S. Felber, and W. W. Fleischhacker An fMRI Study of Episodic Encoding and Recognition of Words in Patients With Schizophrenia in Remission Am J Psychiatry, May 1, 2003; 160(5): 911 - 918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Poremba, R. C. Saunders, A. M. Crane, M. Cook, L. Sokoloff, and M. Mishkin Functional Mapping of the Primate Auditory System Science, January 24, 2003; 299(5606): 568 - 572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. D. Greicius, B. Krasnow, A. L. Reiss, and V. Menon Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of the default mode hypothesis PNAS, January 7, 2003; 100(1): 253 - 258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S S Keller, U C Wieshmann, C E Mackay, C E Denby, J Webb, and N Roberts Voxel based morphometry of grey matter abnormalities in patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy: effects of side of seizure onset and epilepsy duration J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2002; 73(6): 648 - 655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Goral, E. S. Levy, and L. K. Obler Neurolinguistic aspects of bilingualism International Journal of Bilingualism, December 1, 2002; 6(4): 411 - 440. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Yount, K. A. Raschke, M. Biru, D. F. Tate, M. J. Miller, T. Abildskov, P. Gandhi, D. Ryser, R. O. Hopkins, and E. D. Bigler Traumatic Brain Injury and Atrophy of the Cingulate Gyrus J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, November 1, 2002; 14(4): 416 - 423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Gron, D. Bittner, B. Schmitz, A. P. Wunderlich, R. Tomczak, and M. W. Riepe Hippocampal Activations during Repetitive Learning and Recall of Geometric Patterns Learn. Mem., November 1, 2001; 8(6): 336 - 345. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Fletcher and R. N. A. Henson Frontal lobes and human memory: Insights from functional neuroimaging Brain, May 1, 2001; 124(5): 849 - 881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Cabeza, S. M. Rao, A. D. Wagner, A. R. Mayer, and D. L. Schacter Can medial temporal lobe regions distinguish true from false? An event-related functional MRI study of veridical and illusory recognition memory PNAS, March 29, 2001; (2001) 81082698. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Otten, R. N. A. Henson, and M. D. Rugg Depth of processing effects on neural correlates of memory encoding: Relationship between findings from across- and within-task comparisons Brain, February 1, 2001; 124(2): 399 - 412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Schnider, V. Treyer, and A. Buck Selection of Currently Relevant Memories by the Human Posterior Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex J. Neurosci., August 1, 2000; 20(15): 5880 - 5884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Cabeza, S. M. Rao, A. D. Wagner, A. R. Mayer, and D. L. Schacter Can medial temporal lobe regions distinguish true from false? An event-related functional MRI study of veridical and illusory recognition memory PNAS, April 10, 2001; 98(8): 4805 - 4810. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|