Brain, Vol. 124, No. 3, 493-498,
March 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press
Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in cerebrospinal fluid differ in multiple sclerosis and Devic's neuromyelitis optica
.
1 Departments of Neurology, 2 Neuroscience and 3 Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Correspondence to:
Gary A. Rosenberg, MD, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA E-mail: grosenberg@salud.unm.edu
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are increased in the CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis. Devic's neuromyelitis optica (DNO) is a demyelinating syndrome that involves the optic nerve and cervical cord but differs pathologically from multiple sclerosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that the type of inflammatory reaction that causes MMPs to be elevated in multiple sclerosis would be absent in patients with DNO. CSF was collected from 23 patients with relapsing–remitting or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, all of whom were experiencing acute symptoms, from seven patients with DNO, and from seven normal volunteers. Diagnoses were made according to current criteria on the basis of clinical manifestations, imaging results and CSF studies. IgG synthesis was increased in the CSF of multiple sclerosis patients but not in that of DNO patients. Zymography, reverse zymography and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were used to measure gelatinase A (MMP-2), gelatinase B (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Zymograms showed that multiple sclerosis patients had elevated MMP-9 compared with DNO patients and controls (P < 0.05). TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels were similar in all three groups. We conclude that multiple sclerosis patients have higher MMP-9 levels in the CSF than patients with DNO, which supports the different pathological mechanisms of these diseases.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  E Fainardi, M Castellazzi, C Tamborino, A Trentini, M. Manfrinato, E Baldi, M. Tola, F Dallocchio, E Granieri, and T Bellini Potential relevance of cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels and intrathecal synthesis of active matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) as markers of disease remission in patients with multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis, May 1, 2009; 15(5): 547 - 554. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. S. Yu, C. Z. Zhu, K. C. Li, Y. Xuan, W. Qin, H. Sun, and P. Chan Relapsing Neuromyelitis Optica and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Differentiation at Diffusion-Tensor MR Imaging of Corpus Callosum Radiology, July 1, 2007; 244(1): 249 - 256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Milner, S. J. Crocker, S. Hung, X. Wang, R. F. Frausto, and G. J. del Zoppo Fibronectin- and Vitronectin-Induced Microglial Activation and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Is Mediated by Integrins {alpha}5beta1 and {alpha}vbeta5 J. Immunol., June 15, 2007; 178(12): 8158 - 8167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Crocker, J. K. Whitmire, R. F. Frausto, P. Chertboonmuang, P. D. Soloway, J. L. Whitton, and I. L. Campbell Persistent Macrophage/Microglial Activation and Myelin Disruption after Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1-Deficient Mice Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2006; 169(6): 2104 - 2116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Chandrasekar, S. Mummidi, L. Mahimainathan, D. N. Patel, S. R. Bailey, S. Z. Imam, W. C. Greene, and A. J. Valente Interleukin-18-induced Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Is Dependent on NF-{kappa}B- and AP-1-mediated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression and Is Inhibited by Atorvastatin J. Biol. Chem., June 2, 2006; 281(22): 15099 - 15109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E Fainardi, M Castellazzi, T Bellini, M C Manfrinato, E Baldi, I Casetta, E Paolino, E Granieri, and F Dallocchio Cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels and intrathecal production of active matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as markers of disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2006; 12(3): 294 - 301. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Kister, S. Gulati, C. Boz, R. Bergamaschi, G. Piccolo, J. Oger, and M. L. Swerdlow Neuromyelitis optica in patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy. Arch Neurol, June 1, 2006; 63(6): 851 - 856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Adair, J. Charlie, J. E. Dencoff, J. A. Kaye, J. F. Quinn, R. M. Camicioli, W. G. Stetler-Stevenson, and G. A. Rosenberg Measurement of Gelatinase B (MMP-9) in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer Disease Stroke, June 1, 2004; 35(6): e159 - e162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J de Seze, C Lebrun, T Stojkovic, D Ferriby, M Chatel, and P Vermersch Is Devic's neuromyelitis optica a separate disease? A comparative study with multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 2003; 9(5): 521 - 525. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Horstmann, P. Kalb, J. Koziol, H. Gardner, and S. Wagner Profiles of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Their Inhibitors, and Laminin in Stroke Patients: Influence of Different Therapies Stroke, September 1, 2003; 34(9): 2165 - 2170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Wingerchuk and B. G. Weinshenker Neuromyelitis optica: Clinical predictors of a relapsing course and survival Neurology, March 11, 2003; 60(5): 848 - 853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Abraham, S. Shapiro, N. Lahat, and A. Miller The role of IL-18 and IL-12 in the modulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in monocytic cells Int. Immunol., December 1, 2002; 14(12): 1449 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Misu, K. Fujihara, I. Nakashima, I. Miyazawa, N. Okita, S. Takase, and Y. Itoyama Pure optic-spinal form of multiple sclerosis in Japan Brain, November 1, 2002; 125(11): 2460 - 2468. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. F. Lucchinetti, R. N. Mandler, D. McGavern, W. Bruck, G. Gleich, R. M. Ransohoff, C. Trebst, B. Weinshenker, D. Wingerchuk, J. E. Parisi, et al. A role for humoral mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Devic's neuromyelitis optica Brain, July 1, 2002; 125(7): 1450 - 1461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. G. I. Jennekens and L. Kater The central nervous system in systemic lupus erythematosus. Part 2. Pathogenetic mechanisms of clinical syndromes: a literature investigation Rheumatology, June 1, 2002; 41(6): 619 - 630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|