Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (159)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Chard, D. T.
Right arrow Articles by Miller, D. H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Chard, D. T.
Right arrow Articles by Miller, D. H.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Brain, Vol. 125, No. 2, 327-337, February 1, 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Brain atrophy in clinically early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

D. T. Chard1, C. M. Griffin1, G. J. M. Parker1,2, R. Kapoor1, A. J. Thompson1 and D. H. Miller1

NMR Research Unit, Department of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neurology, University College London and Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, UK

Correspondence to: Professor D. H. Miller, NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK E-mail: d.miller{at}ion.co.uk

Brain atrophy measured by MRI is a potentially useful tool for monitoring disease progression in multiple sclerosis. The location, extent and mechanisms of brain atrophy in early disease are not well documented. Using quantitative MRI, this study investigated whole brain, grey and white matter atrophy in clinically early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis and its relationship to lesion measures. Data came from 27 normal control subjects (14 females and 13 males, mean age 36.1 years) and 26 subjects with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (18 females and eight males, mean age 35.1 years, mean delay from first symptom to scan 1.8 years, median Expanded Disability Status Scale score 1.0). All had three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient recall (3D FSPGR), T1-weighted pre- and post-gadolinium-enhanced and T2-weighted scans. The 3D FSPGR images were automatically segmented into grey and white matter and cerebrospinal fluid using SPM99. 3D FSPGR hypo-intense, T2 hyper-intense, T1 hypo-intense and T1 post-gadolinium-enhancing lesion volumes were determined by semi-automatic lesion segmentation. The SPM99 output was combined with the 3D FSPGR lesion segmentations to quantify tissue volumes as fractions of total intracranial volumes, producing values for the brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), white matter fraction (WMF) and grey matter fraction (GMF). Comparing multiple sclerosis with control subjects, BPF, GMF and WMF were significantly reduced (P < 0.001 for all tissue fractions). Using Pearson correlations, T2 hyper-intense and T1 hypo-intense lesion volumes were inversely related to BPF (T2 r = –0.78, P < 0.001; T1 r = –0.59, P = 0.002) and GMF (T2 r = –0.73, P < 0.001; T1 r = –0.53, P = 0.006), but not WMF (T2 r = –0.30, P = 0.134; T1 r = –0.26, P = 0.199). T1 post-gadolinium-enhancing lesion volumes were not correlated with any fractional volumes. These results indicate that significant brain atrophy, affecting both grey and white matter, occurs early in the clinical course of multiple sclerosis. The lack of correlation between lesion load measures and WMF suggests that pathological changes in white matter may occur by mechanisms which are at least partly independent from overt lesion genesis in early multiple sclerosis.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
L. Fisniku, D. Altmann, M Cercignani, D. Tozer, D. Chard, J. Jackson, K. Miszkiel, K Schmierer, A. Thompson, and D. Miller
Magnetization transfer ratio abnormalities reflect clinically relevant grey matter damage in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2009; 15(6): 668 - 677.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J Furby, T Hayton, D Altmann, R Brenner, J Chataway, K. Smith, D. Miller, and R Kapoor
Different white matter lesion characteristics correlate with distinct grey matter abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2009; 15(6): 687 - 694.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
E. M. Mowry, A. Beheshtian, E. Waubant, D. S. Goodin, B. A. Cree, P. Qualley, R. Lincoln, M. F. George, R. Gomez, S. L. Hauser, et al.
Quality of life in multiple sclerosis is associated with lesion burden and brain volume measures
Neurology, May 19, 2009; 72(20): 1760 - 1765.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
Y. He, A. Dagher, Z. Chen, A. Charil, A. Zijdenbos, K. Worsley, and A. Evans
Impaired small-world efficiency in structural cortical networks in multiple sclerosis associated with white matter lesion load
Brain, May 12, 2009; (2009) awp089v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
T Korteweg, M Rovaris, V Neacsu, M Filippi, G Comi, B. Uitdehaag, D. Knol, C. Polman, F Barkhof, H Vrenken, et al.
Can rate of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis be explained by clinical and MRI characteristics?
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2009; 15(4): 465 - 471.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
J. Sepulcre, J. Goni, J. C. Masdeu, B. Bejarano, N. Velez de Mendizabal, J. B. Toledo, and P. Villoslada
Contribution of White Matter Lesions to Gray Matter Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence From Voxel-Based Analysis of T1 Lesions in the Visual Pathway
Arch Neurol, February 1, 2009; 66(2): 173 - 179.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
G Tedeschi, D Dinacci, M Comerci, L Lavorgna, G Savettieri, A Quattrone, P Livrea, F Patti, V Brescia Morra, G Servillo, et al.
Brain atrophy evolution and lesion load accrual in multiple sclerosis: a 2-year follow-up study
Multiple Sclerosis, February 1, 2009; 15(2): 204 - 211.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
B. Moraal, D. S. Meier, P. A. Poppe, J. J. G. Geurts, H. Vrenken, W. M. A. Jonker, D. L. Knol, R. A. van Schijndel, P. J. W. Pouwels, C. Pohl, et al.
Subtraction MR Images in a Multiple Sclerosis Multicenter Clinical Trial Setting
Radiology, February 1, 2009; 250(2): 506 - 514.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
R G Henry, M Shieh, D T Okuda, A Evangelista, M L Gorno-Tempini, and D Pelletier
Regional grey matter atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes at presentation
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2008; 79(11): 1236 - 1244.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
X Lin, C R Tench, P S Morgan, and C S Constantinescu
Use of combined conventional and quantitative MRI to quantify pathology related to cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2008; 79(4): 437 - 441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
M. Summers, L. Fisniku, V. Anderson, D. Miller, L. Cipolotti, and M. Ron
Cognitive impairment in relapsing--remitting multiple sclerosis can be predicted by imaging performed several years earlier
Multiple Sclerosis, March 1, 2008; 14(2): 197 - 204.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
Z Khaleeli, J Sastre-Garriga, O Ciccarelli, D H Miller, and A J Thompson
Magnetisation transfer ratio in the normal appearing white matter predicts progression of disability over 1 year in early primary progressive multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2007; 78(10): 1076 - 1082.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Tiwari-Woodruff, L. B. J. Morales, R. Lee, and R. R. Voskuhl
Differential neuroprotective and antiinflammatory effects of estrogen receptor (ER){alpha} and ERbeta ligand treatment
PNAS, September 11, 2007; 104(37): 14813 - 14818.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
I.B. Kezele, J.T. Chen, D.L. Arnold, and D.L. Collins
The relation of focal white matter signal abnormality and focal volume loss in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, July 1, 2007; 13(6): 809 - 813.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
S. A. Gauthier, M. Mandel, C.R.G. Guttmann, B. I. Glanz, S. J. Khoury, R. A. Betensky, and H. L. Weiner
Predicting short-term disability in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, June 12, 2007; 68(24): 2059 - 2065.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Coll. Nutr.Home page
L.-K. Yang, K.-C. Wong, M.-Y. Wu, S.-L. Liao, C.-S. Kuo, and R.-F. S. Huang
Correlations Between Folate, B12, Homocysteine Levels, and Radiological Markers of Neuropathology in Elderly Post-Stroke Patients
J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2007; 26(3): 272 - 278.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
O. Khan
Can clinical outcomes be used to detect neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis?
Neurology, May 29, 2007; 68(22_suppl_3): S64 - S71.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
B. Audoin, G. Davies, W. Rashid, L. Fisniku, A.J. Thompson, and D.H. Miller
Voxel-based analysis of grey matter magnetization transfer ratio maps in early relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, May 1, 2007; 13(4): 483 - 489.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
R. Zivadinov, L. Locatelli, D. Cookfair, B. Srinivasaraghavan, A. Bertolotto, M. Ukmar, A. Bratina, C. Maggiore, A. Bosco, A. Grop, et al.
I nterferon beta-1a slows progression of brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis predominantly by reducing gray matter atrophy
Multiple Sclerosis, May 1, 2007; 13(4): 490 - 501.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M. Juha, S. Leszek, F. Sten, H. Jan, B. Jakob, F. Olof, and K. W. Maria
Progression of non-age-related callosal brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: a 9-year longitudinal MRI study representing four decades of disease development
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2007; 78(4): 375 - 380.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
W Rashid, G R Davies, D T Chard, C M Griffin, D R Altmann, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Relationship of triple dose contrast enhanced lesions with clinical measures and brain atrophy in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a two-year longitudinal study
Multiple Sclerosis, March 1, 2007; 13(2): 178 - 185.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
I. Pirko, C. F. Lucchinetti, S. Sriram, and R. Bakshi
Gray matter involvement in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, February 27, 2007; 68(9): 634 - 642.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J H Simon
Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: what we know and would like to know
Multiple Sclerosis, November 1, 2006; 12(6): 679 - 687.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. Wegner, M. M. Esiri, S. A. Chance, J. Palace, and P. M. Matthews
Neocortical neuronal, synaptic, and glial loss in multiple sclerosis.
Neurology, September 26, 2006; 67(6): 960 - 967.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M Bieniek, D R Altmann, G R Davies, G T Ingle, W Rashid, J Sastre-Garriga, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Cord atrophy separates early primary progressive and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, September 1, 2006; 77(9): 1036 - 1039.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
J. Sepulcre, J. Sastre-Garriga, M. Cercignani, G. T. Ingle, D. H. Miller, and A. J. Thompson
Regional Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study.
Arch Neurol, August 1, 2006; 63(8): 1175 - 1180.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
L. B. J. Morales, K. K. Loo, H.-b. Liu, C. Peterson, S. Tiwari-Woodruff, and R. R. Voskuhl
Treatment with an estrogen receptor alpha ligand is neuroprotective in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
J. Neurosci., June 21, 2006; 26(25): 6823 - 6833.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
B. Audoin, K. T. M. Fernando, J. K. Swanton, A. J. Thompson, G. T. Plant, and D. H. Miller
Selective magnetization transfer ratio decrease in the visual cortex following optic neuritis
Brain, April 1, 2006; 129(4): 1031 - 1039.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. P. Sanfilipo, R. H.B. Benedict, B. Weinstock-Guttman, and R. Bakshi
Gray and white matter brain atrophy and neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, March 14, 2006; 66(5): 685 - 692.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. M. Dalton, K. A. Miszkiel, P. W. O'Connor, G. T. Plant, G.P.A. Rice, and D. H. Miller
Ventricular enlargement in MS: One-year change at various stages of disease
Neurology, March 14, 2006; 66(5): 693 - 698.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
N. D. Richert, T. Howard, J. A. Frank, R. Stone, J. Ostuni, J. Ohayon, C. Bash, and H. F. McFarland
Relationship between inflammatory lesions and cerebral atrophy in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, February 28, 2006; 66(4): 551 - 556.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
W Rashid, G R Davies, D T Chard, C M Griffin, D R Altmann, R Gordon, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Increasing cord atrophy in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 3 year study
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, January 1, 2006; 77(1): 51 - 55.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
K. T. M. Fernando, D. J. Tozer, K. A. Miszkiel, R. M. Gordon, J. K. Swanton, C. M. Dalton, G. J. Barker, G. T. Plant, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller
Magnetization transfer histograms in clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis
Brain, December 1, 2005; 128(12): 2911 - 2925.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch NeurolHome page
R. A. Bermel, S. R. Puli, R. A. Rudick, B. Weinstock-Guttman, E. Fisher, F. E. Munschauer III, and R. Bakshi
Prediction of Longitudinal Brain Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis by Gray Matter Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Hypointensity
Arch Neurol, September 1, 2005; 62(9): 1371 - 1376.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
G. Tedeschi, L. Lavorgna, P. Russo, A. Prinster, D. Dinacci, G. Savettieri, A. Quattrone, P. Livrea, C. Messina, A. Reggio, et al.
Brain atrophy and lesion load in a large population of patients with multiple sclerosis
Neurology, July 26, 2005; 65(2): 280 - 285.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
G R Davies, D R Altmann, W Rashid, D T Chard, C M Griffin, G J Barker, R Kapoor, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Emergence of thalamic magnetization transfer ratio abnormality in early relapsing--remitting multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, June 1, 2005; 11(3): 276 - 281.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
J. Sastre-Garriga, G. T. Ingle, D. T. Chard, M. Cercignani, L. Ramio-Torrenta, D. H. Miller, and A. J. Thompson
Grey and white matter volume changes in early primary progressive multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study
Brain, June 1, 2005; 128(6): 1454 - 1460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M S A Deloire, E Salort, M Bonnet, Y Arimone, M Boudineau, H Amieva, B Barroso, J-C Ouallet, C Pachai, E Galliaud, et al.
Cognitive impairment as marker of diffuse brain abnormalities in early relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2005; 76(4): 519 - 526.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
J Versijpt, J C Debruyne, K J Van Laere, F De Vos, J Keppens, K Strijckmans, E Achten, G Slegers, R A Dierckx, J Korf, et al.
Microglial imaging with positron emission tomography and atrophy measurements with magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: a correlative study
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2005; 11(2): 127 - 134.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Tiberio, D. T. Chard, D. R. Altmann, G. Davies, C. M. Griffin, W. Rashid, J. Sastre-Garriga, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller
Gray and white matter volume changes in early RRMS: A 2-year longitudinal study
Neurology, March 22, 2005; 64(6): 1001 - 1007.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
E. Pagani, M. A. Rocca, A. Gallo, M. Rovaris, V. Martinelli, G. Comi, and M. Filippi
Regional Brain Atrophy Evolves Differently in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis According to Clinical Phenotype
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., February 1, 2005; 26(2): 341 - 346.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
J.-P. Ranjeva, B. Audoin, M. Van Au Duong, D. Ibarrola, S. Confort-Gouny, I. Malikova, E. Soulier, P. Viout, A. Ali-Cherif, J. Pelletier, et al.
Local Tissue Damage Assessed with Statistical Mapping Analysis of Brain Magnetization Transfer Ratio: Relationship with Functional Status of Patients in the Earliest Stage of Multiple Sclerosis
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., January 1, 2005; 26(1): 119 - 127.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
R. Bakshi, G. J. Hutton, J. R. Miller, and E.-W. Radue
The use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and long-term management of multiple sclerosis
Neurology, December 14, 2004; 63(11_suppl_5): S3 - S11.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
L. Locatelli, R. Zivadinov, A. Grop, and M. Zorzon
Frontal parenchymal atrophy measures in multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 2004; 10(5): 562 - 568.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
D T Chard, C M Griffin, W Rashid, G R Davies, D R Altmann, R Kapoor, G J Barker, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Progressive grey matter atrophy in clinically early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, August 1, 2004; 10(4): 387 - 391.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. P. Amato, M. L. Bartolozzi, V. Zipoli, E. Portaccio, M. Mortilla, L. Guidi, G. Siracusa, S. Sorbi, A. Federico, and N. De Stefano
Neocortical volume decrease in relapsing-remitting MS patients with mild cognitive impairment
Neurology, July 13, 2004; 63(1): 89 - 93.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
G R Davies, L Ramio-Torrenta, A Hadjiprocopis, D T Chard, C M B Griffin, W Rashid, G J Barker, R Kapoor, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Evidence for grey matter MTR abnormality in minimally disabled patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, July 1, 2004; 75(7): 998 - 1002.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
J. Sharma, M. P. Sanfilipo, R. H. B. Benedict, B. Weinstock-Guttman, F. E. Munschauer III, and R. Bakshi
Whole-Brain Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis Measured by Automated versus Semiautomated MR Imaging Segmentation
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 2004; 25(6): 985 - 996.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
C. M. Dalton, D. T. Chard, G. R. Davies, K. A. Miszkiel, D. R. Altmann, K. Fernando, G. T. Plant, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller
Early development of multiple sclerosis is associated with progressive grey matter atrophy in patients presenting with clinically isolated syndromes
Brain, May 1, 2004; 127(5): 1101 - 1107.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
Y. Ge, O. Gonen, M. Inglese, J. S. Babb, C. E. Markowitz, and R. I. Grossman
Neuronal cell injury precedes brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis
Neurology, February 24, 2004; 62(4): 624 - 627.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
W Rashid, A Hadjiprocopis, C M Griffin, D T Chard, G R Davies, G J Barker, P S Tofts, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
Diffusion tensor imaging of early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with histogram analysis using automated segmentation and brain volume correction
Multiple Sclerosis, February 1, 2004; 10(1): 9 - 15.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
C. Malmestrom, S. Haghighi, L. Rosengren, O. Andersen, and J. Lycke
Neurofilament light protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein as biological markers in MS
Neurology, December 23, 2003; 61(12): 1720 - 1725.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
D T Chard, P A Brex, O Ciccarelli, C M Griffin, G J M Parker, C Dalton, D R Altmann, A J Thompson, and D H Miller
The longitudinal relation between brain lesion load and atrophy in multiple sclerosis: a 14 year follow up study
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2003; 74(11): 1551 - 1554.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Neuroradiol.Home page
F. D. Juengling, J. Kassubek, and Y. Ge
Standardized Calculation of Brain Parenchymal Fraction: An Approach to Objective Assessment of Cerebral Atrophy
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 2003; 24(7): 1492 - 1493.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
C. Wegner and P.M. Matthews
A new view of the cortex, new insights into multiple sclerosis
Brain, August 1, 2003; 126(8): 1719 - 1721.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
M. Sailer, B. Fischl, D. Salat, C. Tempelmann, M. A. Schonfeld, E. Busa, N. Bodammer, H.-J. Heinze, and A. Dale
Focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis
Brain, August 1, 2003; 126(8): 1734 - 1744.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M. Wylezinska, A. Cifelli, P. Jezzard, J. Palace, M. Alecci, and P. M. Matthews
Thalamic neurodegeneration in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Neurology, June 24, 2003; 60(12): 1949 - 1954.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
N. De Stefano, P. M. Matthews, M. Filippi, F. Agosta, M. De Luca, M. L. Bartolozzi, L. Guidi, A. Ghezzi, E. Montanari, A. Cifelli, et al.
Evidence of early cortical atrophy in MS: Relevance to white matter changes and disability
Neurology, April 8, 2003; 60(7): 1157 - 1162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
R. Rudick
Mechanisms of disability progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: are they different from secondary progressive multiple sclerosis?
Multiple Sclerosis, April 1, 2003; 9(2): 210 - 212.
[PDF]

Home page
 Br Med BullHome page
M. Rovaris, M. A Rocca, and M. Filippi
Magnetic resonance-based techniques for the study and management of multiple sclerosis
Br. Med. Bull., March 1, 2003; 65(1): 133 - 144.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
M.J. Eikelenboom, A. Petzold, R.H.C. Lazeron, E. Silber, M. Sharief, E.J. Thompson, F. Barkhof, G. Giovannoni, C.H. Polman, and B.M.J. Uitdehaag
Multiple sclerosis: Neurofilament light chain antibodies are correlated to cerebral atrophy
Neurology, January 28, 2003; 60(2): 219 - 223.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
D. T. Chard, C. M. Griffin, M. A. McLean, P. Kapeller, R. Kapoor, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller
Brain metabolite changes in cortical grey and normal-appearing white matter in clinically early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Brain, October 1, 2002; 125(10): 2342 - 2352.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
D. H. Miller, F. Barkhof, J. A. Frank, G. J. M. Parker, and A. J. Thompson
Measurement of atrophy in multiple sclerosis: pathological basis, methodological aspects and clinical relevance
Brain, August 1, 2002; 125(8): 1676 - 1695.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JWatch NeurologyHome page
Brain Atrophy Occurs Earlier Than Expected in MS
Journal Watch Neurology, May 10, 2002; 2002(510): 1 - 1.
[Full Text]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.