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Brain Advance Access published online on March 30, 2005
Brain, doi:10.1093/brain/awh486
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© The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received January 3, 2005
Revised February 15, 2005
Accepted February 23, 2005

Article

Short-lived plasma blasts are the main B cell effector subset during the course of multiple sclerosis

Sabine Cepok 1, Berit Rosche 1, Verena Grummel 1, Friederike Vogel 1, Dun Zhou 1, Joachim Sayn 2, Norbert Sommer 2, Hans-Peter Hartung 1, and Bernhard Hemmer 1*

1 Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
2 Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Bernhard Hemmer, E-mail: bernhard.hemmer{at}uni-duesseldorf.de


  Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the CNS with an unknown aetiology. Although intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis is a key feature of the disease, little is still known about the B cell response in the CNS of multiple sclerosis patients. We analysed the phenotype and kinetics of different B cell subsets in patients with multiple sclerosis, infectious disease (IND) and non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND). B cells were detected in the CSF of multiple sclerosis and IND patients, but were largely absent in NIND patients. In the CSF, the majority of B cells had a phenotype of memory B cells and short-lived plasma blast (PB); plasma cells were absent from the compartment. The proportion of PB was highest in multiple sclerosis patients and patients with acute CNS infection. While PB disappeared rapidly from the CSF after resolution of infection in IND patients, these cells were present at high numbers throughout the disease course in multiple sclerosis patients. CSF PB numbers in multiple sclerosis patients strongly correlated with intrathecal IgG synthesis and inflammatory parenchymal disease activity as disclosed by MRI. This study identifies short-lived plasma blasts as the main effector B cell population involved in ongoing active inflammation in multiple sclerosis patients.

Keywords: Plasma blasts; B cells; multiple sclerosis; cerebrospinal fluid.
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