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Brain Advance Access published online on May 9, 2006
Brain, doi:10.1093/brain/awl103
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© The Author (2006). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received October 12, 2005
Revised December 24, 2005
Accepted March 28, 2006

Article

Slow oscillatory activity and levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease

F. Alonso-Frech 1, I. Zamarbide 2, M. Alegre 3, M. C. Rodríguez-Oroz 3, J. Guridi 3, M. Manrique 3, M. Valencia 3, J. Artieda 3, and J. A. Obeso 3 *

1 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Area, Clinica Universitaria and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Present address: Section of Neurology, Hospital de Fuenlabrada Madrid, Spain
2 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Area, Clinica Universitaria and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Present address: Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara Guadalajara, Spain
3 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Area, Clinica Universitaria and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. A. Obeso, E-mail: jobeso{at}unav.es


  Abstract

The pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) in Parkinson's disease is not well understood. We have recorded local field potentials (LFP) from macroelectrodes implanted in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of 14 patients with Parkinson's disease following surgical treatment with deep brain stimulation. Patients were studied in the ‘Off’ medication state and in the ‘On’ motor state after administration of levodopa-carbidopa (po) or apomorphine (sc) that elicited dyskinesias in 11 patients. The logarithm of the power spectrum of the LFP in selected frequency bands (4-10, 11-30 and 60-80 Hz) was compared between the ‘Off’ and ‘On’ medication states. A peak in the 11-30 Hz band was recorded in the ‘Off’ medication state and reduced by 45.2% (P < 0.001) in the ‘On’ state. The ‘On’ was also associated with an increment of 77. 6% (P < 0.001) in the 4-10 Hz band in all patients who showed dyskinesias and of 17.8% (P < 0.001) in the 60-80 Hz band in the majority of patients. When dyskinesias were only present in one limb (n = 2), the 4-10 Hz peak was only recorded in the contralateral STN. These findings suggest that the 4-10 Hz oscillation is associated with the expression of LID in Parkinson's disease.

Keywords: dyskinesias; subthalamic nucleus; oscillatory activity; Parkinson's disease.
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