Brain Advance Access published online on May 19, 2006
Brain, doi:10.1093/brain/awl115
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1 The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Current theories postulate that recognition memory can be supported by two independent processes: recollection (i.e. vivid memory for an item and the contextual details surrounding it) versus familiarity (i.e. the mere sense that an item is old). There is conflicting evidence on whether recognition memory is impaired in Parkinson's disease, perhaps because few studies have separated recollection from familiarity. We aimed to explore whether recollection or familiarity is more likely to be affected by Parkinson's disease, using three methods: (i) the word-frequency mirror effect to make inferences about recollection and familiarity based on recognition of high- versus low-frequency words, (ii) subjective estimates of recollection (remembering) versus familiarity (knowing), and (iii) a process-dissociation procedure where participants are required to endorse only some of the previously studied items on a recognition memory test, but not others. We tested Parkinson's disease patients (n = 19 and n = 16, age range = 58-77 years and age range = 50-75 in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively) and age- and education-matched controls (n = 23 and n = 16 in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Overall, the Parkinson's disease group showed a reduction in recognition memory, but this appeared to be primarily due to impairment of familiarity, with a lesser decline in recollection. We discuss how this pattern may be related to dysfunction of striatal, prefrontal and/or medial temporal regions in Parkinson's disease.
Received October 25, 2005
Revised February 27, 2006
Accepted April 4, 2006
Article
Exploring the recognition memory deficit in Parkinson's disease: estimates of recollection versus familiarity
Patrick S. R. Davidson 1 *,
David Anaki 1,
Jean A. Saint-Cyr 2,
Tiffany W. Chow 3,
and
Morris Moscovitch 4
2 Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3 The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
4 The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Patrick S. R. Davidson, E-mail: pdavidson{at}rotman-baycrest.on.ca
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